Add Padder<>. A CRTP base for padding algorithms.

Expose block ciphers' key sizes for usage in compile-time context.

.gitea/workflows/ChaosBenchmarkCI.yaml

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-name: ChaosBenchmark CI
-
-on: [push, pull_request]
-
-jobs:
-  build-and-benchmark:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        submodules: true
-
-    - name: Install
-      run: |
-        sudo apt-get update
-        sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake
-
-    - name: Configure, build
-      run: |
-        mkdir build
-        cd build
-        cmake ..
-        cmake --build .
-
-    - name: Run benchmarks
-      run: |
-        cd build
-        ./ChaosBenches/ChaosBenches

.gitea/workflows/ChaosCi.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+name: Chaos Ci
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  test-and-benchmark:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      with:
+        submodules: true
+
+    - name: Install
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get update
+        sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake valgrind lcov
+
+    - name: Configure and build tests [Debug]
+      run: |
+        mkdir build-debug
+        cmake -S . -B build-debug/ -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
+        cmake --build build-debug/ -t ChaosTests
+
+    - name: Configure and build benchmarks [Release]
+      run: |
+        mkdir build-release
+        cmake -S . -B build-release/ -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+        cmake --build build-release/ -t ChaosBenches
+
+    - name: Run tests
+      run: valgrind --leak-check=full --track-origins=yes --show-leak-kinds=all ./build-debug/ChaosTests/ChaosTests
+
+    - name: Run benchmarks
+      run: ./build-release/ChaosBenches/ChaosBenches
+
+    - name: Process coverage data
+      run: |
+        lcov --exclude '*/usr/*' --exclude '*/_deps/*' --exclude '*/ChaosTests/*' -c -d build-debug/ -o lcovout
+        genhtml lcovout -o coverage-report/
+
+    - name: Upload coverage report
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      with:
+        name: CoverageReport
+        path: coverage-report/
+        if-no-files-found: error
+        include-hidden-files: true
+        retention-days: 10

.gitea/workflows/ChaosTestCI.yaml

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-name: ChaosTest CI
-
-on: [push, pull_request]
-
-jobs:
-  build-and-test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        submodules: true
-
-    - name: Install
-      run: |
-        sudo apt-get update
-        sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake
-
-    - name: Configure, build
-      run: |
-        mkdir build
-        cd build
-        cmake ..
-        cmake --build .
-
-    - name: Run tests
-      run: |
-        cd build
-        ./ChaosTests/ChaosTests

Chaos/Cipher/Block/Decryptor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DECRYPTOR_HPP
+#define CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DECRYPTOR_HPP
+
+namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+class Decryptor
+{
+public:
+    template<typename OutputIt, typename InputIt>
+    void DecryptBlock(OutputIt outBegin, OutputIt outEnd,
+                      InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd) const
+    {
+        Impl().DecryptBlock(outBegin, outEnd, inBegin, inEnd);
+    }
+
+    template<typename Block>
+    auto DecryptBlock(Block block) const
+    {
+        return Impl().DecryptBlock(block);
+    }
+
+    auto GetBlockSize() const
+    {
+        return Impl().GetBlockSize();
+    }
+
+protected:
+    Decryptor() = default;
+
+private:
+    const T & Impl() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<const T &>(*this);
+    }
+
+    T & Impl()
+    {
+        return static_cast<T &>(*this);
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block
+
+#endif // CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DECRYPTOR_HPP

Chaos/Cipher/Block/Des/DesCrypt.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef CHAOS_CIPHER_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP
+#ifndef CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP
-#define CHAOS_CIPHER_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP
+#define CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <utility>
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@
 #include "Service/ChaosException.hpp"
 #include "Service/SeArray.hpp"
 
-namespace Chaos::Cipher::Des::Inner_
+#include "Cipher/Block/Encryptor.hpp"
+#include "Cipher/Block/Decryptor.hpp"
+
+namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block::Des::Inner_
 {
 
 struct Bitwise
@@ -80,11 +83,12 @@ struct Bitwise
     }
 
     template<typename OutputIt>
-    static void CrunchUInt64(OutputIt out, uint64_t value)
+    static void CrunchUInt64(OutputIt outBegin, OutputIt outEnd, uint64_t value)
     {
-        for (int_fast8_t i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
+        int_fast8_t i = 0;
+        for (OutputIt out = outBegin; i < 8 && out != outEnd; ++i, ++out)
         {
-            *out++ = (value >> (56 - (i * 8))) & Mask<8>();
+            *out = (value >> (56 - (i * 8))) & Mask<8>();
         }
     }
 };
@@ -184,15 +188,20 @@ private:
     }
 };
 
-} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Des::Inner_
+} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block::Des::Inner_
 
-namespace Chaos::Cipher::Des
+namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block::Des
 {
 
 class DesCrypt
 {
 public:
     using Block = uint64_t;
+    static constexpr size_t BlockSize = 8;
+    static constexpr size_t KeySize = 8;
+
+    static_assert(BlockSize == sizeof(Block));
+    static_assert(KeySize == Inner_::RawKey::Size());
 
     DesCrypt() = delete;
 
@@ -221,15 +230,20 @@ public:
         Inner_::RawKey Key_;
     };
 
-    class Encryptor
+    class DesEncryptor : public Encryptor<DesEncryptor>
     {
     public:
-        Encryptor(const Key & key)
+        using Key = DesCrypt::Key;
+        static constexpr size_t BlockSize = DesCrypt::BlockSize;
+        static constexpr size_t KeySize = DesCrypt::KeySize;
+
+        DesEncryptor(const Key & key)
             : Schedule_(Inner_::KeySchedule::Direction::Encrypt, key.Key_)
         { }
 
         template<typename OutputIt, typename InputIt>
-        void EncryptBlock(OutputIt out, InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd)
+        void EncryptBlock(OutputIt outBegin, OutputIt outEnd,
+                          InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd) const
         {
             RawBlockArray block;
 
@@ -244,27 +258,37 @@ public:
                                                                      block.End()),
                                          Schedule_);
 
-            Inner_::Bitwise::CrunchUInt64(out, encrypted);
+            Inner_::Bitwise::CrunchUInt64(outBegin, outEnd, encrypted);
         }
 
-        Block EncryptBlock(Block block)
+        Block EncryptBlock(Block block) const
         {
             return DesCrypt::ProcessBlock(block, Schedule_);
         }
 
+        constexpr size_t GetBlockSize() const
+        {
+            return BlockSize;
+        }
+
     private:
         Inner_::KeySchedule Schedule_;
     };
 
-    class Decryptor
+    class DesDecryptor : public Decryptor<DesDecryptor>
     {
     public:
-        Decryptor(const Key & key)
+        using Key = DesCrypt::Key;
+        static constexpr size_t BlockSize = DesCrypt::BlockSize;
+        static constexpr size_t KeySize = DesCrypt::KeySize;
+
+        DesDecryptor(const Key & key)
             : Schedule_(Inner_::KeySchedule::Direction::Decrypt, key.Key_)
         { }
 
         template<typename OutputIt, typename InputIt>
-        void DecryptBlock(OutputIt out, InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd)
+        void DecryptBlock(OutputIt outBegin, OutputIt outEnd,
+                          InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd) const
         {
             RawBlockArray block;
 
@@ -279,14 +303,19 @@ public:
                                                                      block.End()),
                                          Schedule_);
 
-            Inner_::Bitwise::CrunchUInt64(out, decrypted);
+            Inner_::Bitwise::CrunchUInt64(outBegin, outEnd, decrypted);
         }
 
-        Block DecryptBlock(Block block)
+        Block DecryptBlock(Block block) const
         {
             return DesCrypt::ProcessBlock(block, Schedule_);
         }
 
+        constexpr size_t GetBlockSize() const
+        {
+            return BlockSize;
+        }
+
     private:
         Inner_::KeySchedule Schedule_;
     };
@@ -483,6 +512,6 @@ private:
     }
 };
 
-} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Des
+} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block::Des
 
-#endif // CHAOS_CIPHER_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP
+#endif // CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_DES_DESCRYPT_HPP

Chaos/Cipher/Block/Encryptor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#ifndef CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_ENCRYPTOR_HPP
+#define CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_ENCRYPTOR_HPP
+
+namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+class Encryptor
+{
+public:
+    template<typename OutputIt, typename InputIt>
+    void EncryptBlock(OutputIt outBegin, OutputIt outEnd,
+                      InputIt inBegin, InputIt inEnd) const
+    {
+        Impl().EncryptBlock(outBegin, outEnd, inBegin, inEnd);
+    }
+
+    template<typename Block>
+    auto EncryptBlock(Block block) const
+    {
+        return Impl().EncryptBlock(block);
+    }
+
+    auto GetBlockSize() const
+    {
+        return Impl().GetBlockSize();
+    }
+
+protected:
+    Encryptor() = default;
+
+private:
+    const T & Impl() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<const T &>(*this);
+    }
+
+    T & Impl()
+    {
+        return static_cast<T &>(*this);
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block
+
+#endif // CHAOS_CIPHER_BLOCK_ENCRYPTOR_HPP

Chaos/Hash/Hash.hpp

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ public:
         return Impl().ToHexString();
     }
 
+protected:
+    Hash() = default;
+
 private:
     const T & Impl() const
     {

Chaos/Hash/Hasher.hpp

@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ public:
         return Impl().Finish();
     }
 
+protected:
+    Hasher() = default;
+
 private:
     const T & Impl() const
     {

Chaos/Padding/Padder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef CHAOS_PADDING_PADDER_HPP
+#define CHAOS_PADDING_PADDER_HPP
+
+namespace Chaos::Padding
+{
+
+template<typename T>
+class Padder
+{
+public:
+    template<typename OutputIt>
+    void Pad(OutputIt begin, OutputIt end) const
+    {
+        Impl().Pad(begin, end);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    Padder() = default;
+
+private:
+    const T & Impl() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<const T &>(*this);
+    }
+
+    T & Impl()
+    {
+        return static_cast<T &>(*this);
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace Chaos::Padding
+
+#endif // CHAOS_PADDING_PADDER_HPP

Chaos/Padding/PadderPkcs7.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef CHAOS_PADDING_PADDERPKCS7_HPP
+#define CHAOS_PADDING_PADDERPKCS7_HPP
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "Padding/Padder.hpp"
+#include "Service/ChaosException.hpp"
+
+namespace Chaos::Padding
+{
+
+class PadderPkcs7 : public Padder<PadderPkcs7>
+{
+public:
+    template<typename OutputIt>
+    static void Pad(OutputIt begin, OutputIt end)
+    {
+        auto dist = std::distance(begin, end);
+
+        if (dist >= 0 && dist <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max())
+        {
+            for (OutputIt it = begin; it != end; ++it)
+            {
+                *it = static_cast<uint8_t>(dist);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            throw Service::ChaosException("PadPkcs7::Pad(): invalid range");
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace Chaos::Padding
+
+#endif // CHAOS_PADDING_PADDERPKCS7_HPP

Chaos/Service/SeArray.hpp

@@ -58,11 +58,6 @@ public:
         return Storage_.data() + Storage_.size();
     }
 
-    constexpr size_t Size() const noexcept
-    {
-        return Storage_.size();
-    }
-
     void Fill(const T & value)
     {
         Storage_.fill(value);
@@ -73,6 +68,11 @@ public:
         EraseImpl();
     }
 
+    static constexpr size_t Size() noexcept
+    {
+        return S;
+    }
+
 private:
     std::array<T, S> Storage_;
 

ChaosBenches/BenchmarkMain.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();

ChaosBenches/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ cmake_policy(SET CMP0135 NEW)
 
 FetchContent_Declare(
         googlebenchmark
-        URL https://github.com/google/benchmark/archive/refs/tags/v1.9.5.tar.gz
+        URL https://git.hashlag.net/hashlag/chaos-deps/raw/branch/main/google_benchmark/benchmark-1.9.5.tar.gz
         URL_HASH SHA256=9631341c82bac4a288bef951f8b26b41f69021794184ece969f8473977eaa340
 )
 
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ set(BENCHMARK_ENABLE_WERROR OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 set(BENCHMARK_ENABLE_TESTING OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googlebenchmark)
 
-set(ChaosBenches_SOURCE Hash/Md4HasherBenches.cpp)
+set(ChaosBenches_SOURCE BenchmarkMain.cpp
+                        Hash/Md4HasherBenches.cpp
+                        Hash/Md5HasherBenches.cpp
+                        Hash/Sha1HasherBenches.cpp
+                        Mac/HmacBenches.cpp)
 
 add_executable(ChaosBenches ${ChaosBenches_SOURCE})
 target_link_libraries(ChaosBenches benchmark::benchmark)

ChaosBenches/Hash/Md4HasherBenches.cpp

@@ -5,27 +5,61 @@
 
 using namespace Chaos::Hash::Md4;
 
-static void Md4HasherCreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+static const char * DATA_BEGIN
-{
+    = "All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.\n"
-    const char * data
+      "Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.\n"
-        = "All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.\n"
+      "The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the "
-          "Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.\n"
+      "prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.\n"
-          "The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the "
+      "Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the "
-          "prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.\n"
+      "prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability.";
-          "Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the "
+static const size_t DATA_LEN = strlen(DATA_BEGIN);
-          "prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability.";
+static const char * DATA_END = DATA_BEGIN + DATA_LEN;
-    const size_t dataLen = strlen(data);
 
+static void Md4Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
     for (auto _ : state)
     {
         Md4Hasher hasher;
-        hasher.Update(data, data + dataLen);
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
         Md4Hash result = hasher.Finish();
 
         benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
     }
 }
 
-BENCHMARK(Md4HasherCreateComputeDeleteBench);
+BENCHMARK(Md4Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
 
-BENCHMARK_MAIN();
+static void Md4Hasher_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Md4Hasher hasher;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hasher.Reset();
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md4Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Md4Hasher_ReuseBench);
+
+static void Md4Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Md4Hasher hasher;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Md4Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Md4Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench);

ChaosBenches/Hash/Md5HasherBenches.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include <Hash/Md5.hpp>
+
+using namespace Chaos::Hash::Md5;
+
+static const char * DATA_BEGIN
+    = "All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.\n"
+      "Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.\n"
+      "The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the "
+      "prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.\n"
+      "Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the "
+      "prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability.";
+static const size_t DATA_LEN = strlen(DATA_BEGIN);
+static const char * DATA_END = DATA_BEGIN + DATA_LEN;
+
+static void Md5Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Md5Hasher hasher;
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md5Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Md5Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
+
+static void Md5Hasher_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Md5Hasher hasher;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hasher.Reset();
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md5Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Md5Hasher_ReuseBench);
+
+static void Md5Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Md5Hasher hasher;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Md5Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Md5Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench);

ChaosBenches/Hash/Sha1HasherBenches.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include <Hash/Sha1.hpp>
+
+using namespace Chaos::Hash::Sha1;
+
+static const char * DATA_BEGIN
+    = "All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.\n"
+      "Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.\n"
+      "The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the "
+      "prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.\n"
+      "Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the "
+      "prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability.";
+static const size_t DATA_LEN = strlen(DATA_BEGIN);
+static const char * DATA_END = DATA_BEGIN + DATA_LEN;
+
+static void Sha1Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Sha1Hasher hasher;
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Sha1Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Sha1Hasher_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
+
+static void Sha1Hasher_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Sha1Hasher hasher;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hasher.Reset();
+        hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Sha1Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Sha1Hasher_ReuseBench);
+
+static void Sha1Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Sha1Hasher hasher;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hasher.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Sha1Hash result = hasher.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(Sha1Hasher_PartialUpdate100Bench);

ChaosBenches/Mac/HmacBenches.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "Mac/Hmac.hpp"
+#include "Hash/Md4.hpp"
+#include "Hash/Md5.hpp"
+#include "Hash/Sha1.hpp"
+
+using namespace Chaos::Mac::Hmac;
+using namespace Chaos::Hash::Md4;
+using namespace Chaos::Hash::Md5;
+using namespace Chaos::Hash::Sha1;
+
+static const char * KEY_BEGIN = "Niccolo01234567";
+static const size_t KEY_LEN = strlen(KEY_BEGIN);
+static const char * KEY_END = KEY_BEGIN + KEY_LEN;
+
+static const char * DATA_BEGIN
+    = "All states, all powers, that have held and hold rule over men have been and are either republics or principalities.\n"
+      "Principalities are either hereditary, in which the family has been long established; or they are new.\n"
+      "The new are either entirely new, as was Milan to Francesco Sforza, or they are, as it were, members annexed to the hereditary state of the "
+      "prince who has acquired them, as was the kingdom of Naples to that of the King of Spain.\n"
+      "Such dominions thus acquired are either accustomed to live under a prince, or to live in freedom; and are acquired either by the arms of the "
+      "prince himself, or of others, or else by fortune or by ability.";
+static const size_t DATA_LEN = strlen(DATA_BEGIN);
+static const char * DATA_END = DATA_BEGIN + DATA_LEN;
+
+static void HmacMd4_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Md4Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md4Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd4_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
+
+static void HmacMd4_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Hmac<Md4Hasher> hmac;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hmac.Rekey(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md4Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd4_ReuseBench);
+
+static void HmacMd4_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Md4Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Md4Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd4_PartialUpdate100Bench);
+
+static void HmacMd5_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Md5Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md5Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd5_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
+
+static void HmacMd5_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Hmac<Md5Hasher> hmac;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hmac.Rekey(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Md5Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd5_ReuseBench);
+
+static void HmacMd5_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Md5Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Md5Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacMd5_PartialUpdate100Bench);
+
+static void HmacSha1_CreateComputeDeleteBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Sha1Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Sha1Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacSha1_CreateComputeDeleteBench);
+
+static void HmacSha1_ReuseBench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    Hmac<Sha1Hasher> hmac;
+
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        hmac.Rekey(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+        hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        Sha1Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacSha1_ReuseBench);
+
+static void HmacSha1_PartialUpdate100Bench(benchmark::State & state)
+{
+    for (auto _ : state)
+    {
+        Hmac<Sha1Hasher> hmac(KEY_BEGIN, KEY_END);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+        {
+            hmac.Update(DATA_BEGIN, DATA_END);
+        }
+
+        Sha1Hash result = hmac.Finish();
+
+        benchmark::DoNotOptimize(result);
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(HmacSha1_PartialUpdate100Bench);

ChaosTests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ cmake_policy(SET CMP0135 NEW)
 
 FetchContent_Declare(
         googletest
-        URL https://github.com/google/googletest/releases/download/v1.17.0/googletest-1.17.0.tar.gz
+        URL https://git.hashlag.net/hashlag/chaos-deps/raw/branch/main/google_googletest/googletest-1.17.0.tar.gz
         URL_HASH SHA256=65fab701d9829d38cb77c14acdc431d2108bfdbf8979e40eb8ae567edf10b27c
 )
 
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ set(ChaosTests_SOURCE Hash/Md4HasherTests.cpp
                       Cipher/Arc4GenTests.cpp
                       Cipher/Arc4CryptTests.cpp
                       Cipher/DesCryptTests.cpp
-                      Service/SeArrayTests.cpp)
+                      Padding/PadderPkcs7Tests.cpp
+                      Service/SeArrayTests.cpp
+                      Service/ChaosExceptionTests.cpp)
 
 add_executable(ChaosTests ${ChaosTests_SOURCE})
 target_link_libraries(ChaosTests gtest gtest_main)
@@ -26,6 +28,13 @@ target_include_directories(ChaosTests PRIVATE
     $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Chaos>
 )
 
+target_compile_options(ChaosTests PRIVATE -Wunused -Werror=unused)
+
+if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+    target_compile_options(ChaosTests PRIVATE --coverage)
+    target_link_options(ChaosTests PRIVATE --coverage)
+endif()
+
 include(GoogleTest)
 
 gtest_discover_tests(ChaosTests)

ChaosTests/Cipher/Arc4CryptTests.cpp

@@ -58,11 +58,8 @@ TEST(Arc4CryptTests, UninitializedArc4CryptTest)
     Arc4Crypt arc4;
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 10> in;
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> in = {};
-        in.fill(0);
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> out = {};
-
-        std::array<uint8_t, 10> out;
-        out.fill(0);
 
         ASSERT_THROW(arc4.Encrypt(out.begin(), in.begin(), in.size()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
         ASSERT_THROW(arc4.Decrypt(out.begin(), in.begin(), in.size()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
@@ -107,3 +104,115 @@ TEST(Arc4CryptTests, RekeyTest)
                   ciphertext);
     }
 }
+
+TEST(Arc4CryptTests, EncryptOutIteratorUsageTest)
+{
+    const std::vector<uint8_t> data = StrToU8Vec("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 5> key = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 47> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 47> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0xe6, 0x51, 0x06, 0x25, 0x81, 0x48, 0xa9, 0x44, 0xa7, 0xe3, 0x30,
+            0x38, 0x65, 0x66, 0x76, 0x88, 0x0f, 0xed, 0xec, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x89,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        crypt.Encrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 22);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 5> key = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 47> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 47> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0xe6, 0x51, 0x06, 0x25, 0x81, 0x48, 0xa9, 0x44, 0xa7, 0xe3, 0x30,
+            0x38, 0x65, 0x66, 0x76, 0x88, 0x0f, 0xed, 0xec, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x89,
+            0xef, 0xa5, 0xfa, 0xe4, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        crypt.Encrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 27);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 5> key = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 44> out = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 44> expected = {};
+
+        crypt.Encrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 0);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(Arc4CryptTests, DecryptOutIteratorUsageTest)
+{
+    const std::array<uint8_t, 14> data = { 0x45, 0xA0, 0x1F, 0x64, 0x5F, 0xC3, 0x5B,
+                                           0x38, 0x35, 0x52, 0x54, 0x4B, 0x9B, 0xF5 };
+    const std::vector<uint8_t> key = StrToU8Vec("Secret");
+
+    {
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 17> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 17> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            'A', 't', 't', 'a', 'c', 'k', ' ', 'a', 't', ' ', 'd', 'a',
+            0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        crypt.Decrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 12);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 17> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 17> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            'A', 't', 't', 'a', 'c', 'k', ' ',
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        crypt.Decrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 7);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        Arc4Crypt crypt(key.begin(), key.end());
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 14> out = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 14> expected = {};
+
+        crypt.Decrypt(out.begin() + 3, data.begin(), 0);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+}

ChaosTests/Cipher/Arc4GenTests.cpp

@@ -353,3 +353,56 @@ TEST(Arc4GenTests, UninitializedGenTest)
         ASSERT_THROW(gen.Drop(256), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
     }
 }
+
+TEST(Arc4GenTests, GenerateOutIteratorUsageTest)
+{
+    {
+        uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+        Arc4Gen gen(key, key + std::size(key));
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 23> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 23> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0xb2, 0x39, 0x63, 0x05, 0xf0, 0x3d, 0xc0, 0x27,
+            0xcc, 0xc3, 0x52, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        gen.Generate(out.begin() + 3, 11);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+        Arc4Gen gen(key, key + std::size(key));
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 23> out = {};
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 23> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0xb2, 0x39, 0x63, 0x05, 0xf0, 0x3d, 0xc0, 0x27,
+            0xcc, 0xc3, 0x52, 0x4a, 0x0a, 0x11, 0x18, 0xa8,
+            0x69, 0x82, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        gen.Generate(out.begin() + 3, 18);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+
+    {
+        uint8_t key[] = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };
+        Arc4Gen gen(key, key + std::size(key));
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 20> out = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 20> expected = {};
+
+        gen.Generate(out.begin() + 3, 0);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, out);
+    }
+}

ChaosTests/Cipher/DesCryptTests.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
-#include "Cipher/Des/DesCrypt.hpp"
+#include "Cipher/Block/Des/DesCrypt.hpp"
+#include "Cipher/Block/Encryptor.hpp"
 
-using namespace Chaos::Cipher::Des;
+using namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block::Des;
+using namespace Chaos::Cipher::Block;
 
 TEST(DesCryptTests, KeyScheduleTest)
 {
@@ -41,15 +43,14 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptTest)
 {
     struct Helper
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> operator()(const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & data,
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> operator()(const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> & data,
-                                          const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & key) const
+                                                            const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> & key) const
         {
-            std::array<uint8_t, 8> result;
+            std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> result = {};
-            result.fill(0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
-            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -58,28 +59,28 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptTest)
     Helper des;
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0xaa, 0xf3, 0x83, 0x16, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x6b, 0xcb };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0xaa, 0xf3, 0x83, 0x16, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x6b, 0xcb };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0x07, 0xe8, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xb3, 0x17, 0x13, 0x18 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0x07, 0xe8, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xb3, 0x17, 0x13, 0x18 };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x7b, 0x6c, 0x18, 0xed };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x7b, 0x6c, 0x18, 0xed };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
@@ -90,10 +91,10 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptUInt64BlockTest)
     struct Helper
     {
         uint64_t operator()(uint64_t data,
-                            const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & key) const
+                            const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> & key) const
         {
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
 
             return enc.EncryptBlock(data);
         }
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0x0123456789abcdef;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0x85e813540f0ab405;
 
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0xaaf383162d2e6bcb;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0x07e87faab3171318;
 
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0xe51a9fd419a79344;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0x422788a67b6c18ed;
 
@@ -137,11 +138,11 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptShortDataTest)
                                         const std::vector<uint8_t> & key)
         {
             std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-            result.resize(8, 0);
+            result.resize(DesCrypt::BlockSize, 0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
-            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -171,11 +172,11 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptLongDataTest)
                                         const std::vector<uint8_t> & key)
         {
             std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-            result.resize(8, 0);
+            result.resize(DesCrypt::BlockSize, 0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
-            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -201,15 +202,14 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptTest)
 {
     struct Helper
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> operator()(const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & data,
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> operator()(const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> & data,
-                                          const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & key) const
+                                                            const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> & key) const
         {
-            std::array<uint8_t, 8> result;
+            std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> result = {};
-            result.fill(0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
-            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -218,28 +218,28 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptTest)
     Helper des;
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0x07, 0xe8, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xb3, 0x17, 0x13, 0x18 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0x07, 0xe8, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xb3, 0x17, 0x13, 0x18 };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0xaa, 0xf3, 0x83, 0x16, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x6b, 0xcb };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0xaa, 0xf3, 0x83, 0x16, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x6b, 0xcb };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x7b, 0x6c, 0x18, 0xed };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x7b, 0x6c, 0x18, 0xed };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> expected = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> expected = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
 
         ASSERT_EQ(expected, des(data, key));
     }
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptUInt64BlockTest)
     struct Helper
     {
         uint64_t operator()(uint64_t data,
-                            const std::array<uint8_t, 8> & key) const
+                            const std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> & key) const
         {
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
 
             return dec.DecryptBlock(data);
         }
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0x85e813540f0ab405;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0x0123456789abcdef;
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0x07e87faab3171318;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x44, 0xbf, 0x32, 0x19, 0x99, 0x25, 0x81, 0x51 };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0xaaf383162d2e6bcb;
 
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptUInt64BlockTest)
 
     {
         uint64_t data = 0x422788a67b6c18ed;
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
         uint64_t expected = 0xe51a9fd419a79344;
 
@@ -297,11 +297,11 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptShortDataTest)
                                         const std::vector<uint8_t> & key)
         {
             std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-            result.resize(8, 0);
+            result.resize(DesCrypt::BlockSize, 0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
-            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -331,11 +331,11 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptLongDataTest)
                                         const std::vector<uint8_t> & key)
         {
             std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-            result.resize(8, 0);
+            result.resize(DesCrypt::BlockSize, 0);
 
             DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-            DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+            DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
-            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), data.begin(), data.end());
+            dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptLongDataTest)
 TEST(DesCryptTests, ShortKeyTest)
 {
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 7> key = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize - 1> key = {};
         ASSERT_THROW(DesCrypt::Key(key.begin(), key.end()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
     }
 }
@@ -368,129 +368,187 @@ TEST(DesCryptTests, ShortKeyTest)
 TEST(DesCryptTests, LongKeyTest)
 {
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 9> key = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize + 1> key = {};
         ASSERT_THROW(DesCrypt::Key(key.begin(), key.end()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
     }
 }
 
 TEST(DesCryptTests, OutIteratorUsageEncryptTest)
 {
-    struct OutputItMock
     {
-        OutputItMock(size_t & asteriskCalls, size_t & incrementCalls)
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
-            : AsteriskCalls_(asteriskCalls)
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
-            , IncrementCalls_(incrementCalls)
-        { }
 
-        uint8_t & operator*()
+        std::array<uint8_t, 11> fact = {};
-        {
+        // First and last 3 bytes should be untouched.
-            ++AsteriskCalls_;
+        std::array<uint8_t, 11> expected = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x7b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
-
-            static uint8_t dummy = 0;
-            return dummy;
-        }
-
-        OutputItMock operator++(int)
-        {
-            ++IncrementCalls_;
-
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        size_t & AsteriskCalls_;
-        size_t & IncrementCalls_;
-    };
-
-    {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
-
-        size_t asteriskCalls = 0;
-        size_t incrementCalls = 0;
-        OutputItMock it(asteriskCalls, incrementCalls);
 
         DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-        DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+        DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
-        enc.EncryptBlock(it, data.begin(), data.end());
+        enc.EncryptBlock(fact.begin() + 3, fact.end() - 3, data.begin(), data.end());
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, asteriskCalls);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, incrementCalls);
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 11> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize + 2> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44  };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
-        size_t asteriskCalls = 0;
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> fact = {};
-        size_t incrementCalls = 0;
+        // First and last 4 bytes should be untouched.
-        OutputItMock it(asteriskCalls, incrementCalls);
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> expected = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x27, 0x88, 0xa6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
 
         DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-        DesCrypt::Encryptor enc(desKey);
+        DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
-        enc.EncryptBlock(it, data.begin(), data.end());
+        enc.EncryptBlock(fact.begin() + 4, fact.end() - 4, data.begin(), data.end());
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, asteriskCalls);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, incrementCalls);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize + 2> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44  };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> expected = {};
+
+        DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+        DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
+        enc.EncryptBlock(fact.begin() + 3, fact.begin() + 3, data.begin(), data.end());
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
     }
 }
 
 TEST(DesCryptTests, OutIteratorUsageDecryptTest)
 {
-    struct OutputItMock
     {
-        OutputItMock(size_t & asteriskCalls, size_t & incrementCalls)
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
-            : AsteriskCalls_(asteriskCalls)
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
-            , IncrementCalls_(incrementCalls)
-        { }
 
-        uint8_t & operator*()
+        std::array<uint8_t, 11> fact = {};
-        {
+        // First and last 3 bytes should be untouched.
-            ++AsteriskCalls_;
+        std::array<uint8_t, 11> expected = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x45, 0x69, 0x71, 0x17, 0x13, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
-
-            static uint8_t dummy = 0;
-            return dummy;
-        }
-
-        OutputItMock operator++(int)
-        {
-            ++IncrementCalls_;
-
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        size_t & AsteriskCalls_;
-        size_t & IncrementCalls_;
-    };
-
-    {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44 };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
-
-        size_t asteriskCalls = 0;
-        size_t incrementCalls = 0;
-        OutputItMock it(asteriskCalls, incrementCalls);
 
         DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-        DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+        DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
-        dec.DecryptBlock(it, data.begin(), data.end());
+        dec.DecryptBlock(fact.begin() + 3, fact.end() - 3, data.begin(), data.end());
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, asteriskCalls);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, incrementCalls);
     }
 
     {
-        std::array<uint8_t, 11> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f, 0x9f };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize + 2> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44  };
-        std::array<uint8_t, 8> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
 
-        size_t asteriskCalls = 0;
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> fact = {};
-        size_t incrementCalls = 0;
+        // First and last 4 bytes should be untouched.
-        OutputItMock it(asteriskCalls, incrementCalls);
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> expected = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x45, 0x69, 0x71, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
 
         DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
-        DesCrypt::Decryptor dec(desKey);
+        DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
-        dec.DecryptBlock(it, data.begin(), data.end());
+        dec.DecryptBlock(fact.begin() + 4, fact.end() - 4, data.begin(), data.end());
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, asteriskCalls);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
-        ASSERT_EQ(8, incrementCalls);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::BlockSize + 2> data = { 0xe5, 0x1a, 0x9f, 0xd4, 0x19, 0xa7, 0x93, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44  };
+        std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0xda, 0xec, 0x68, 0xae, 0x83, 0xe0, 0x1e, 0xab };
+
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 12> expected = {};
+
+        DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+        DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
+        dec.DecryptBlock(fact.begin() + 3, fact.begin() + 3, data.begin(), data.end());
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
     }
 }
+
+template<typename Impl, typename InputIt>
+static std::vector<uint8_t> EncryptThroughBase(const Encryptor<Impl> & enc,
+                                               InputIt begin, InputIt end)
+{
+    std::vector<uint8_t> result;
+    result.resize(enc.GetBlockSize(), 0);
+
+    enc.EncryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), begin, end);
+    return result;
+}
+
+TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptThroughBaseTest)
+{
+    std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
+    std::vector<uint8_t> expected = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
+
+    DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+    DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, EncryptThroughBase(enc, data.begin(), data.end()));
+}
+
+template<typename Impl>
+static uint64_t EncryptUInt64BlockThroughBase(const Encryptor<Impl> & enc, uint64_t block)
+{
+    return enc.EncryptBlock(block);
+}
+
+TEST(DesCryptTests, EncryptUInt64BlockThroughBaseTest)
+{
+    std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+
+    uint64_t data = 0x0123456789abcdef;
+    uint64_t expected = 0x85e813540f0ab405;
+
+    DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+    DesCrypt::DesEncryptor enc(desKey);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, EncryptUInt64BlockThroughBase(enc, data));
+}
+
+template<typename Impl, typename InputIt>
+static std::vector<uint8_t> DecryptThroughBase(const Decryptor<Impl> & dec,
+                                               InputIt begin, InputIt end)
+{
+    std::vector<uint8_t> result;
+    result.resize(dec.GetBlockSize(), 0);
+
+    dec.DecryptBlock(result.begin(), result.end(), begin, end);
+    return result;
+}
+
+TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptThroughBaseTest)
+{
+    std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data = { 0x85, 0xe8, 0x13, 0x54, 0x0f, 0x0a, 0xb4, 0x05 };
+    std::vector<uint8_t> expected = { 0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89, 0xab, 0xcd, 0xef };
+
+    DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+    DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, DecryptThroughBase(dec, data.begin(), data.end()));
+}
+
+template<typename Impl>
+static uint64_t DecryptUInt64BlockThroughBase(const Decryptor<Impl> & dec, uint64_t block)
+{
+    return dec.DecryptBlock(block);
+}
+
+TEST(DesCryptTests, DecryptUInt64BlockThroughBaseTest)
+{
+    std::array<uint8_t, DesCrypt::KeySize> key = { 0x13, 0x34, 0x57, 0x79, 0x9b, 0xbc, 0xdf, 0xf1 };
+
+    uint64_t data = 0x85e813540f0ab405;
+    uint64_t expected = 0x0123456789abcdef;
+
+    DesCrypt::Key desKey(key.begin(), key.end());
+    DesCrypt::DesDecryptor dec(desKey);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, DecryptUInt64BlockThroughBase(dec, data));
+}

ChaosTests/Hash/Md4HasherTests.cpp

@@ -116,6 +116,24 @@ TEST(Md4Tests, PartialUpdateTest)
 
         ASSERT_EQ("e33b4ddc9c38f2199c3e7b164fcc0536", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
     }
+
+    {
+        // Exactly 56 bytes.
+        // "01234567012345670123456701234567012345670123456701234567"
+        Md4Hasher hasher;
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "0123456701234567012345670";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "1234567012345670123456701234567";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ("e058bdf6202bfa33ad91a03acc13dccd", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
+    }
 }
 
 TEST(Md4Tests, LongInputTest)

ChaosTests/Hash/Md5HasherTests.cpp

@@ -116,6 +116,24 @@ TEST(Md5Tests, PartialUpdateTest)
 
         ASSERT_EQ("57edf4a22be3c955ac49da2e2107b67a", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
     }
+
+    {
+        // Exactly 56 bytes.
+        // "01234567012345670123456701234567012345670123456701234567"
+        Md5Hasher hasher;
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "0123456701234567012345670";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "1234567012345670123456701234567";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ("19e80817ef026edb4791f2ea7dd80d5c", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
+    }
 }
 
 TEST(Md5Tests, LongInputTest)

ChaosTests/Hash/Sha1HasherTests.cpp

@@ -116,6 +116,24 @@ TEST(Sha1Tests, PartialUpdateTest)
 
         ASSERT_EQ("50abf5706a150990a08b2c5ea40fa0e585554732", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
     }
+
+    {
+        // > 56 (mod 64) bytes.
+        // "01234567012345670123456701234567012345670123456701234567012"
+        Sha1Hasher hasher;
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "0123456701234567012345670";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        {
+            const char * in = "1234567012345670123456701234567012";
+            hasher.Update(in, in + strlen(in));
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ("48a2aded798429970468e8aa77bdc1840dbca3fe", hasher.Finish().ToHexString());
+    }
 }
 
 TEST(Sha1Tests, LongInputTest)

ChaosTests/Mac/HmacTests.cpp

@@ -99,8 +99,7 @@ TEST(HmacTests, LongKeyTest)
 
 TEST(HmacTests, UninitializedHmacTest)
 {
-    std::array<uint8_t, 10> in;
+    std::array<uint8_t, 10> in = {};
-    in.fill(0);
 
     {
         Hmac<Md5Hasher> hmac;

ChaosTests/Padding/PadderPkcs7Tests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Padding/PadderPkcs7.hpp"
+#include "Service/ChaosException.hpp"
+
+using namespace Chaos::Padding;
+
+TEST(PadPkcs7Tests, PadTest)
+{
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 1> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 1> expected = { 0x01 };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin(), fact.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 7> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 7> expected =
+        {
+           0x07, 0x07, 0x07, 0x07, 0x07,
+           0x07, 0x07
+        };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin(), fact.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> expected =
+        {
+           0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a,
+           0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x0a
+        };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin(), fact.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
+    {
+        std::vector<uint8_t> fact(i, 0x00);
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin(), fact.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(std::vector<uint8_t>(i, i), fact);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(PadPkcs7Tests, PadInvalidRangeTest)
+{
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 256> out = {};
+
+        ASSERT_THROW(PadderPkcs7::Pad(out.begin(), out.end()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 500> out = {};
+
+        ASSERT_THROW(PadderPkcs7::Pad(out.begin(), out.end()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 50> out = {};
+
+        ASSERT_THROW(PadderPkcs7::Pad(out.end(), out.begin()), Chaos::Service::ChaosException);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(PadPkcs7Tests, PadOutIteratorUsageTest)
+{
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 28> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 28> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16,
+            0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin() + 3, fact.end() - 3);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 39> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 39> expected =
+        {
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+            0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21,
+            0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21,
+            0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21, 0x21,
+            0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin() + 3, fact.end() - 3);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> fact =
+        {
+            0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb,
+            0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb
+        };
+        std::array<uint8_t, 10> expected =
+        {
+            0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb,
+            0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb, 0xbb
+        };
+
+        PadderPkcs7::Pad(fact.begin() + 5, fact.begin() + 5);
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename Impl, typename OutputIt>
+void PadThroughBase(const Padder<Impl> & padder, OutputIt begin, OutputIt end)
+{
+    padder.Pad(begin, end);
+}
+
+TEST(PadPkcs7Tests, PadThroughBaseTest)
+{
+    {
+        std::array<uint8_t, 5> fact = {};
+        std::array<uint8_t, 5> expected =
+        {
+            0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05
+        };
+
+        const PadderPkcs7 padder;
+        PadThroughBase(padder, fact.begin(), fact.end());
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, fact);
+    }
+}

ChaosTests/Service/ChaosExceptionTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "Service/ChaosException.hpp"
+
+using namespace Chaos::Service;
+
+TEST(ChaosExceptionTests, RvalueRefCtorTest)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        throw ChaosException("everything's alright :D");
+    }
+    catch (const ChaosException & ex)
+    {
+        ASSERT_EQ("everything's alright :D", ex.GetMessage());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(ChaosExceptionTests, ConstLvalueRefCtorTest)
+{
+    const std::string message = "everything's alright :D";
+
+    try
+    {
+        throw ChaosException(message);
+    }
+    catch (const ChaosException & ex)
+    {
+        ASSERT_EQ("everything's alright :D", ex.GetMessage());
+    }
+}